The Key Departments Of A Business - 1332 Words

The key departments of a business. Introduction The key departments of a business are human resources, finance, operations, production, marketing and sales. These departments need careful research to build strong foundations for a business to grow and thrive on. There are many research sources that can help businesses get a better understanding of what these departments are, what they can do and how they can help the business to grow. The aim of this report is to give valuable information on how to access the resources needed to help with successful research and how to identify sources that are credible as opposed to those sources that are not. For example, there could be two similar looking websites but one is less credible than the other or a book that has not been revised or updated therefor out of date. Method When researching the different departments of business it is a good idea to separate each department into individual functions and research them individually. A Mind Map is a great way of making notes and keeping the mind focused on the chosen department. The Ultimate book of Mind Maps, Tony Buzan (2012:p6) states: â€Å"A Mind Map is the ultimate organizational thinking tool – the Swiss army Knife of the brain! A Mind Map is the easiest way to put information into your brain and to take information out of your brain – it’s a creative and effective means ofShow MoreRelatedThe Key Departments Of The Business1529 Words   |  7 PagesBusinesses have numerous key departments which keep the structure running appropriately and supports the business to build and embellish in all worldwide markets. This report will consider what the key departments do for the business, in addition, this report will enlighten the research procedure used and significant complications which have been encountered throughout. Key departments within businesses Departments in businesses all partake in important roles, departments such as human resourcesRead MoreThe Key Departments Of The Business1529 Words   |  7 PagesBusinesses have numerous key departments which keep the structure running appropriately and supports the business to build and embellish in all worldwide markets. This report will consider what the key departments do for the business, in addition, this report will enlighten the research procedure used and significant complications which have been encountered throughout. Key departments within businesses Departments in businesses all partake in important roles, departments such as human resourcesRead MoreOracle Databases Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesOracle applications. It is a new challenge to both CNS and our clients. We journey up the learning curve together and over the trial-and-error hurdles. Each day offers a new opportunity to understand another concept or process. Some faculties and departments are already using Oracle applications in their day-to-day operations. As time goes by, more and more information users will be working with an application based on Oracle database technology. If you get the opportunity to be a member of an applicationRead MoreEasygroup Case Study1746 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen asked to conduct a training needs analysis of a selected organisation and present this in a formal report. To do this you will need to select a business that you are familiar with, either one you work in or you have knowledge of. Terms of Reference I have been asked to conduct a training needs analysis of Easy Group Plc Background to the business: The easyGroup is the private investment vehicle of Stelios, the serial entrepreneur. The easyGroup is the owner of the easy brand and licenses itRead MoreThe Key Role Of Finance1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe key role of finance in any business is to manage money; whether it be raising capital through share capital and bank loans, raising credit (short-term capital), or handling the costs of the business. Without finance, a business would not function, as quoted by (Griffin, 2015); ‘Money is the lifeblood of a business and finance is the nerve center’. Key activities of the finance department: Firstly, one of the key activities of the finance department is to maintain a check on the costs/outgoingsRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Maxtrade Case1567 Words   |  7 PagesMaxTrade seems to have lost any IT strategy it once had. They have a fractured IT department that has been mismanaged and has no direction. There are so many problems that it would seem difficult to grab a handle and get the IT department back on track. Fortunately the situation is so bad the temporary CIO can work on a blank slate to organize, prioritize, develop and lead the department. Getting the department on the right track includes the following next steps: Strategy- Decide on an ITRead MoreDesigning A Global Financial Trading Firm1131 Words   |  5 Pagesdistinguish the key issues for managing the innovation. And analyze its impact in the organization. â€Æ' Through global innovation GMAFinance wants to provide commercial lending and leasing services to general public. The only way for that to successfully happen the company must be extremely organized with the innovative process. Beginning a business is a process. The process can be considered tedious and is certainly challenging. However, a strong system that approaches every key role in an organizedRead MoreCharter776 Words   |  4 Pages |Communications, Policy, Healthy Workplace Advisory group, | | | |Attraction Retention working group | |2.0 Business reasons for project | |Improve government’s ability to attract and recruit high quality candidates and to compete more effectivelyRead MoreProduction Supervisor1018 Words   |  5 PagesKRA (Key Responsibility Area/Key Results Area): â€Å"Key Result Areas† or KRAs refer to general areas of outcomes or outputs for which the department’s role is responsible. A typical role targets three to five KRA. Value of KRAs: Identifying KRAs helps individuals:  · Clarify their roles  · Align their roles to the organisation’s business or strategic plan  · Focus on results rather than activities  · Communicate their role’s purposes to others  · Set goals and objectives  · Prioritize their activitiesRead MoreThe Importance Of A Good Human Resource Department1748 Words   |  7 PagesA good human resource department is essential to any successful businesses in today’s society. Before human resource managers were seen as people who deal with employee disputes and little more, now this is just one small part of their role to organisations. Human resource is a huge department for reasons as being a key planner in helping company’s employee performances. In this essay I will be exploring the different types of personnel management that is used, assessing the roles of human resource

Video Game Industry Overview - 1431 Words

Video Game Industry Overview John Huddle 25 October 2014 Video Game Industry Overview Video game console industry is tasked with development, publication, manufacture and distribution and sells the electronic devices for games, accessories and software. The number of pixel and image contained determined traditionally gaming devices. The current development brings about 3g polygon imagery that has been pioneered by Silicon graphics institute. The industry is segmented into two different sectors with the first being the software sector which constitutes the games themselves and the second is the infrastructure and the technology that is needed to support the playing of the games. These sectors make the game industry. The†¦show more content†¦The upstream market undertakes mostly the manufacturing of hardware and development of software. There are mainly four vendors in the manufacturing of hardware and these are consoles, personal computers and mobiles. The mobile is viewed as the market of the future though v ery small (Egenfeldt, 2013). The console market is very significant and Microsoft, Nintendo and Sony dominate it. The software is developed in-house by third party contractors and is owned directly by publishers. They have less autonomy but enjoy security. The downstream segment consists of distribution, both software and hardware. Software distribution is organized by publishers who must obtain licenses and for the authority to sell games pertaining to a particular console and must pay the manufacture some royalties for each game sold. Microsoft has its own publisher and it is the only player that integrates the three functions of software development, hard ware manufacturing and software publishing. United States is the industry leader followed by Japan and then in the third place is France. The distribution has been organized by the manufactures through local and regional subsidiaries that will pass their products to retailers. The three major markets for the consoles are North America, Asia and Europe, though Europe has a strong downstream position with small importance in upstream activities (Zachariasson, 2012). There are high barriers

Jc Penny free essay sample

This is not the first time that this company has been faced with adversity. The first time was in the 1960’s when shopping went from downtown locations to more uptown locations in malls. The company transitioned to mall locations to cope with the change. This time the change did not come easy to the company. In fact this change has cost the company millions. This time JC Penney’s was faced with a challenge that they wanted to change. They wanted to transition the public’s perception of them. They no longer wanted to be viewed as an old fashioned department store. The company no longer wanted sales or clearance racks. They wanted to change the whole retail climate. They called it fair and square pricing (Baskin, 2013). This came off a lot like Wal-Mart’s always low prices campaign. This sounds like a great idea to me. However, it failed for many reasons. The main reason because it was confusing to consumers. While the other main reason being poor marketing. Many people sat in anticipation of this new campaign by JCPenney’s. There were just as many supporters in the beginning as well. When I heard of this I thought of an upscale Wal-Mart. Low prices I do not have to shop for sales anymore because these should be low prices every day. However, very shortly after this I found myself not shopping there at all. Consumers want a deal, and they do not feel that deal when they shop there anymore. It is the thrill of the hunt for consumers. Not only that but the sales ad and clearance racks used to change. They are no longer changing prices so there is no need to go daily, weekly, or even monthly. Customers may check there as a way to show case, but they are not buying. Without the sales and without the sale advertisements the company is not bringing in nearly the amount of people that were coming into the store to score the best deal. Next the advertisements they are sending out are worded poorly. They are no longer doing sales but they do mail out what they called month long value. Customers did not understand the wording of it. It was never broken down for them. Ideally they had sales, but they were not called the standard name. Therefore, customers missed out on them and they were not bringing in the clientele like a â€Å"sale† probably would have. They were not able to embrace JC Penney’s new tactic. Another problem with this campaign is that the average consumer does not know what the clothing costs. Therefore they think it should be or could be marked down. They have no idea if they were getting a good deal or not. Again the thrill of the hunt is gone, and still makes the customers confused. It was confusing to customers and that means there is a problem in marketing. When a place makes changes that could potentially be confusing marketing is the key. However, there advertisements were so irreverent that they made even less sense to begin with. They came up with a campaign after their numbers dropped called â€Å"do the math. † It was supposed to show how much easier it is to just get a low price in the beginning rather than use a coupon. This action failed for the company. The CEO Ron Johnson came out and reported later that â€Å"it was confusing† to some of their consumers (Baskin, 2013). It’s no wonder that they lost customers. They did not target other competitors about their prices just what the company was trying to do. Last but not least they attempted to open little stores inside their stores. It was a Martha Stewart collection like IKEA. Even that failed because Martha Stewart was not able to put her name on it, because she was still in litigation over her brand. So, it was still branded as JC Penney’s. Not that the name would have made much difference, but it was not thoroughly hought out within the company. Also, this is not a new tactic stores have been doing this for years. The renovation of the stores to add in this small store was costly. It has cost the company millions of dollars. It has depleted their cash, and has also caused their credit rating to drop (Baskin, 2013). This was a costly decision to make when sale s were already down. Here is the largest problem that they had they wanted become a high end store in a low end economy. If I were the CEO of JC Penney I would make quite a few changes. My first change would have been to go back to traditional wording for now. These are the words that customers are the most familiar with. I understand that some companies like to do all their changes at once because it is cheaper. However, when you are changing familiar terms it is wise to do it slowly. Or at least explain it as thoroughly as possible. Change is needed as a society, but no one likes change, because of this I feel that they should be done slowly and over a period of time. I would also have changed the price tags on their merchandise. In order to make someone feel like they are getting a deal I would change how they were priced. I would put a suggested retail price and then put â€Å"our† price on the label. This would appear to customers that they were getting a deal. Sales are because the prices are higher than what they need to be. The advertising is all about â€Å"trickery† to pull people in. In reality they were still doing sales but they were not called sales, and people did not buy into it. By changing the price tags on the items the customers are still getting the thrill of the buy. They can see what their item is going for at their competitor’s location, and impulse buy. This helps eliminate â€Å"showroom† shopping. Or leaving to check their prices somewhere else. If it is a matter of a few dollars they will not go back to purchase. However, if they can see the deal they will buy. Instead of focusing on expanding a business inside of an already expanding business I would have spent the money elsewhere. Imagine if they could have established new rules for buyers. Gone back to JC Penney’s original roots and prove their claims. It could have created new financing and lay-away policies that communicated value, and used social media to create meaningful communities of consumers who wanted to track and participate in conversations about prices. Employees could have been recruited and trained to offer a fundamentally new customer experience based on integrity. They could have changed the way Americans shop and feel they should stop. I would not have wasted money on an advertisement that was bewildering. I would have spent money marketing on calling competitors out on their prices. Sharing the news on how Penney’s was changing. How they were forward looking. Instead of making confusing ads with no sales just to avoid the word sale I wouldn’t have tried to stay away from it. Since they were still doing sales but not doing sales on certain items. Limiting the sales options were not the problem the problem was using unfamiliar wording. Measuring some of these techniques could be hard to do. Going back to traditional wording would be one way that is hard to track. However, I believe it would go hand in hand with how you would track the new price tags. That would be sales. With these new changes and advertisements I would think that sales would increase. I would not look at the actual accounting book but do a twelve month comparison on the sales on each individual store. This is time consuming and costly but I think it is the only way to see how each store is doing in comparison to how they were doing the previous month and year. During high sale times I would make sure I would have as much staff as possible on the floor to assist our customers. Maybe they do not need help but a casual conversation can lead into why they came into this department store and not the one across the way. Along with this I would like to institute team meetings once a week where department heads meet with their front line employees on all shifts. To find out their ideas and where they are hearing concerns are. Then I would have them write them up and do a teleconference with each store head to hear these ideas, questions, or concerns. I feel this is an open door policy. I would also include suggestion boxes not only in the store, but in the break room for employees so they could bring these up anonymously if they felt the need to. Also, I would work on getting the contact information to employees for everyone in charge. Change can happen and many great ideas come from the front line, because they see and do it every day. However, their voices are not often heard. To measure the effectiveness of advertising I would do a few things. I would add a survey at the end of their receipt to figure out what they thought about the advertisement. I would also add a quick questionnaire in the store that the customer could fill out. I would also make it known that there is a number they can call at any time with questions. I would make it so that they could be heard with questions and concerns. Before I launched a campaign I would have a test market so that we could see what people could recall from the add, as well as find out if there was any confusion on what may have been advertised. The sales would play a large part also in whether it was an effective campaign. A company that has been operating for 100 years is struggling. JC Penney ’s was once a fashion icon to children, young adults, and teens. Beginning in 1913 it currently operates over 1000 stores. Growing up my sister and I waited to go through their catalogue. However, in the last few years something has changed. The company didn’t look far enough ahead to the future to predict these changes. They tried to become a higher end boutique like store in an economy that could not support it. Poor marketing and too many changes has made this one booming store one of the top ten stores that are predicted to be out of business in the next year. Works Cited Baskin, J. (2013, January 2). Lessons From JC Penneys Doomed Marketing Makeover. Retrieved May 12, 2013 , from Forbes: http://www. forbes. com/sites/jonathansalembaskin/2013/01/02/lessons-from-j-c-penneys-doomed-marketing-makeover/ Tuttle, B. (2012, June 19). More Troubles for JCPenney: Top Executive Departs Amid Sales Slump. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from Time Magazine: http://business. time. com/2012/06/19/more-troubles-for-jcpenney-top-executive-departs-amid-sales-slump/

Welfare Essays (1769 words) - Welfare Economics, Public Economics

Welfare On October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed. The crash sent a shock-wave throughout the economy. Banks failed. Businesses closed. Millions found themselves out of work. The Great Depression, which would last through the 1930s, had begun. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 1 paragraph 1] When the Great Depression began, about 18 million elderly, disabled, and single mothers with children already lived at a bare existent level in the United States. State and local governments together with private charities helped these people. By 1933, another 13 million Americans had been thrown out of work. Suddenly, state and local governments and charities could no longer provide even minimum assistance for all those in need. Food riots broke out. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 1 paragraph 2] The effects of the Depression on poor children was severe. President Franklin D. Roosevelt focused mainly on creating jobs for the masses of unemployed workers, he also backed the idea of federal aid for poor children and other dependent persons. By 1935, a national welfare system had been established for the first time in American history. A Federal welfare system was a radical break from the past. Americans had always prided themselves on having a strong sense of individualism and self-reliance. Many believed that those who couldnt take care of themselves were to be blamed for their own misfortunes. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 2 paragraph 5-6] In 1909, President Theodore Roosevelt called a White House conference on how to deal with the problem of poor single mothers and their children. The conference declared that preserving the family in the home was preferable to placing the poor in institutions, which were widely criticized as costly failures. The emphasis during the first two years of President Franklin Roosevelts New Deal was to provide work relief for the millions of unemployed Americans. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 3 paragraph 1 & 5] By expanding federal responsibility for the security of all Americans, Roosevelt believed that the necessity for government make-work employment and other forms of Depression relief would disappear. In his address before Congress, Roosevelt argued that the continuation of government relief would disappear. In his address before Congress, Roosevelt also argued that the continuation of government relief programs was a bad thing for the country. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 3 paragraph 7] In addition to old-age pensions and unemployment insurance, the Social Security Act established a national welfare system. Additional federal welfare aid was provided to destitute old people, the needy blind, and crippled children. Although financed partly by federal tax money, the states could still set their own eligibility requirements and benefit levels. The need for federal aid to dependent children and poor old people would gradually disappear as employment improved and those over 65 began to collect Social Security pensions. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 4 paragraph 1,2,3] Since the Great Depression, the national welfare system expanded both in courage and federal regulations. From its beginning, the system drew critics. Some complained that the system did not do enough to get people to work. Others simply believed the federal government should not administer a welfare system. As the system grew, so did criticism of it, especially in the 1980s and 90s. Aid to Families with Dependent Children had drawn the greatest criticism. By the 1990s, AFDC supported 15% of all U.S. children. In most cases, these Children lived at home and were cared for by a single parent, usually the mother, who otherwise did not work. This situation brought on complaints that welfare let able-bodied adults avoid work and become dependent on government handouts. Some of those criticizing AFDC were recipients themselves, 70% of whom collected a welfare check for less than two years. For many of these people, going on welfare was a humiliating experience of struggling through a maze of bureaucratic rules in order to feed, clothe, and house themselves and their children. [Bill of Rights in Action, Welfare, 1998 pg. 4,5 paragraph 4,11] In 1992, Bill Clinton, ran for president promising to end welfare as we know it In August 1996, after 18 months of

Resistance to change

Introduction Resistance to change refers to actions that groups of people or individuals take when a change occurs in their environment and they perceive that change as a threat to their wellbeing. This implies that the perceived threat may not be real for the resistance to change to take place.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Resistance to Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The phrase ‘resistance to change’ is mostly used in organizations that face resistance when implementing strategic changes in their operations, portfolios, management, etc. It can however be applied in any situation where people resist change for a variety of reasons (Heathfield 1). This paper defines resistance to change, explains why people resist change, and explores the forms that resistance to change take. Why people resist change One of the main reasons why people resist change is ambiguity. People will read sinister m otives in cases where change is imposed on them without proper explanations being made. The reason for change should therefore be clear to the affected parties in order to avoid resistance. Similarly, if the change agents do not consult the affected people during the change process, the latter are likely to resist the change. Organizations that impose changes as accomplished facts and those that do not communicate sufficiently to the affected people during the change process are likely to face greater resistance. Resistance to change is also greater in cases where pre-established working relations are threatened by the change. People affected by change also tend to resist changes if the benefits of the changes are outweighed by the challenges of the process of change and the challenges of the change itself. Changes that threaten the status, jobs, or power of people in an organization are also likely to face more resistance (Heathfield 1). Forms of resistance to change Resistance can be implicit or overt. Implicit resistance is the kind of resistance where people resist a certain change without being too vocal about it. It is common in cases where affected people are not allowed to disapprove management decisions openly. For instance, if an organization changes the technology it uses in its operations, workers may resist this change implicitly by being unreasonably slow. On the other hand, overt resistance is the form of resistance in which the people resisting change make their feelings about the change known. This may be in boardrooms or in a strike (Ford 1).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, resistance can be deferred or immediate. In deferred resistance, the affected people take some time to evaluate the change before they resist to the change. In immediate resistance, the affected people express their displeasure towards the change right after t he organization proposes the changes (Ford 1). Finally, resistance can cause functional conflict or dysfunctional conflict. Functional conflict means that the resistance to change helps the organization in achieving its goals. On the other hand, dysfunctional conflict means that the resistance to change leads to the organizations inability to attain its goals fully. It is therefore important to note that resistance to change is not always bad. Thus, resistance to change can benefit the organization in the end (Ford 1). Conclusion As evidenced in the discussion above, resistance to change is a major issue in organizations. It can result from real concerns by the affected people and it can be because of unjustifiable fears. Regardless of the cause, resistance to change takes a variety of forms that organization can use to develop effective corrective interventions. Works Cited Ford, Jeffrey. Decoding Resistance to Change. 2009. Web. Sep 26. 2012. https://hbr.org/2009/04/decoding-resis tance-to-change Heathfield, Susan. How to Reduce Resistance to Change. 2012. Web. Sep 26. 2012. https://www.thebalancecareers.com/how-to-reduce-employee-resistance-to-change-1918992 This essay on Resistance to Change was written and submitted by user Hindsight Lad to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Educational Reform Essays - Rodham Family, Bill Clinton, Free Essays

Educational Reform Essays - Rodham Family, Bill Clinton, Free Essays Educational Reform American Polling Choice Words: If You Cant Understand Our Poll Questions, Then How Can We Understand Your Answers? Core Issue Richard Morin writes about a problem plaguing polls across the nation. Morin states that many Americans polled do not understand the poll questions, yet they seem to always have an opinion on most questions poised. Supporting Ideas 1) When President Clinton was confronted with questions about his past actions with Monica Lewinsky, he created ambiguity within the questions. He misinterpreted the meaning of sex, and what it entails. 2) To create the most illustrating answers, several questions are asked; the answers should come out the same. This will prove how strong the polls should be supported. If few questions are asked, the standard error (margin of error) is extremely higher than that of more lengthy surveys. 3) There is also a language problem. How questions are written creates different results. By describing an event within a question may create a biased answer. They m ay also not be probing at the right question they had intended. Conclusions Morin states that all the attention brought to polls over the past year have greatly increased the polling process. The polls indicated early on how the public felt about Clinton, Clintons a good president but a man of ghastly character who can stay in the White House but stay away from my house, dont touch my daughter and dont pet the dog (Cannon, 290). The public stayed with the approval of the presidents policies and should have been paid more attention to. On the other hand, some feel that polls may never play

Why cant Canadians compete with lower labour cost countries such as Term Paper

Why cant Canadians compete with lower labour cost countries such as India and China - Term Paper Example It is very difficult for Canada to be a manufacturing powerhouse like India and China. As of 2012, the 486.6-million Indian labor force makes it the globes second largest. Besides, the telecommunication industry in India is the world’s fastest growing. After the quarter of 2013, India became the third largest market for smartphones globally after China and the United States of America (Drà ¨ze & Amartya (2013). In terms of the gross domestic produxt, by 2013 China had become the globe’s second largest economy. On the other hand, China has been the globe’s manufacturing hub, leveraging its cheap labor in order to dominate global trade, especially the nation’s exports (Sang, 2013). In order to compete in the international manufacturing stage, Canada needs to differentiate itself from its competitors by making maximum use of its strengths. This will build ensure that it gains some steps in becoming a manufacturing powerhouse. China and India do not view Canada as a competitor because they have the capability to respond rapidly to the ever changing business environment and offer customers with what they need (Sexton, 2007). Chinese and Indian manufacturers have a vital strength in providing work that is customized together with services in order to meet the market requirements more flexibly than manufacturers in other nations like Canada. To attain this crucial strength (Scianna, 2014) argues that Canadian manufacturers need to invest in innovative technologies. Compared to low-cost nations like China, India, Malaysia and Brazil, the manufacturing sector in Canada is nowhere as big as other nations. In order for the Canadian manufacturers to stay in business competitively, the machine shops not only need to have the right equipment, but also make products for cost effective unit prices. Scianna (2014) noted that the most outstanding difference between Canada and its

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Business law - Essay Example This security can be regarded as enforceable if the value has been given and the debtor has authenticated a security agreement that offers a description of the collateral which is a car. The collateral is a certified security and the security certificate is in the possession of the secured party who is this case is Frank under the RCW 62A.8-301 pursuant to the debtors security agreement. The enforceable security interest is a security agreement that becomes effective in order to create a security interest in the person’s property which is Edie’s car in this case. Frank can make other creditors of Edie know that he has interest in the car through the security agreement that he signs between him and Edie. The† security agreement† between the debtor and the secured party is defined under the U.C.C 9-102(a) (73). Which stipulates that further reference both to the definition of â€Å"security interest† and to the definition of the â€Å" agreement†. Drafter require additional evidence of the existence of a security agreement as a condition to it

The United States Constitution Essay Example for Free

The United States Constitution Essay I. The United States Constitution is essentially a set of principles that provides for the framework of our government, establishes the three main branches of government and provides for their functions. It also contains an enumeration of the rights and liberties of the people. It is a relatively short document considering the role it plays in every nation. Because the constitution contains only general principles and policies, it does not seek to cover every eventuality. It also does not seek to provide a solution to every conceivable problems of man. As a result, disputes among those in power and those between the government and its citizens are likely to arise. Under the constitution, it is the Supreme Court and the other courts that are tasked to interpret the constitution. The concept of judicial interpretation has spanned a number of controversies regarding how the judges are to perform their constitutional function. Some say that the Supreme Court must adhere to the principle of strict constructionism. Under this principle, in case of doubts in the interpretation of any vague and doubtful provision of the Constitution, the Supreme Court must strictly construe its provision. According to Law. com, strict constructionism refers to the interpretation of the constitution â€Å"based on a literal and narrow definition of the language without reference to the differences in conditions when the Constitution was written and modern conditions, inventions and societal changes. (â€Å"Strict Construction†) This principle is preferred because it protects against judicial activism or judicial legislation which means that the Supreme Court goes beyond its function of mere interpretation and encroaches upon the domains of the legislature. By following this principle, the public can be assured that the constitution will not be abused and its meaning will not be changed depending on the whims and caprices of the Justices of the Supreme Court. Strict constructionism is contrasted with the principle of Original Intent. Under this principle, the vague and doubtful provision of the constitution is interpreted by means of ascertaining the intent of the framers of the constitution at the time it was enacted. They do this by examining different sources, including contemporary writings, newspaper articles and the notes from the Constitutional Convention. This is preferred compared to the principle of Strict Constructionism because it goes beyond the literal wordings of the constitution and determines the reason behind the constitution. It affirms that the reason why the constitution was vaguely written and couched in general terms is because the framers wanted the future generations to refer to the intention of the original framers of the constitution for guidance. Among the arguments against the principle of Original Intent is that the framers may have written the constitution but it was the will of the people who made it happen and who ratified it. Considering that they were merely agents and that the real principals are the delegates to the Constitutional Convention and the people, too much attention to the intent of the framers should be tempered. Secondly, even the framers had differences amongst themselves on some issues. In case of dispute, which intent should be upheld by the Supreme Court? For the present society, it is very troublesome that the intent of a person who has been dead for several generations shall be used as basis for important decisions that may affect a person’s life and his future. Among the arguments raised against strict constructionism is that it does not give justice to the constitution. As a living document, the constitution must be interpreted in accordance with its spirit that gives life to it not according to its strict and literal meaning that kills it. II. The procedure in juvenile justice system is essentially different compared to the procedure in adult courts. In criminal courts, our criminal justice system takes into account the element of free will. This means the court considers that when the crime was committed, the same was done willfully and intentionally by someone who is in full possession of his mental faculties. As a result, the penalty imposed is proportional to the crime committed. On the other hand, when a juvenile commits a crime, the law takes into account that he lacks full intelligence. The law considers that he is still corrigible. As a result, the emphasis is not on punishment and deterrence but on rehabilitation. The following are the differences in the proceedings before juvenile courts and adult criminal court: a) the proceedings in the criminal court are public and as a matter of public policy the public can gain access to their records except on certain cases. On the other hand, juvenile courts keep the proceedings private so as to avoid social stigma being placed upon the juvenile; b) another difference is that trial is strictly based on the fact of the commission of crime. No other evidence that seeks to prove the good character of the accused is generally admissible. On the other hand, juvenile courts take into account in its hearing the fact of the previous record of the juvenile; c) the determination in criminal courts is that the accused is either innocent or guilty. On the other hand, juvenile court’s ruling is that the juvenile is adjudged delinquent for the purpose of protecting the juvenile against the social stigma; d) two proceedings are involved in juvenile courts, once the juvenile is adjudged to be delinquent, another hearing is conducted for the purpose of determining the penalty to be imposed. On the other hand, only a single trial is conducted in adult criminal courts. Once the defendant is adjudged guilty, the finding already includes the proper penalty to be imposed without the need of separate hearing.

Material Selection For Drive Shaft Engineering Essay

Material Selection For Drive Shaft Engineering Essay The drive shaft is a rod or tube used to carry rotational force from the engine to the four bladed fans to provide sufficient airflow to reduce the temperature of the pump and the generator to a sufficient level when they both are working at maximum output and operating in an ambient temperature of up to 50 °C. In this selection of the three different materials, there are compared based on different properties to choose the suitable material to be used for the drive shaft. http://media.noria.com/sites/archive_images/articles_200711_Case_-Study-Figure5.gif Figure 1- Fan and motor assembly with belt drive 3.1 Aluminium Alloy 3.1.1 Introduction Aluminum Alloy is a medium to high strength heat treated alloy with higher strength than 6005A. It is commonly used for heavy-duty structure in the railway coach, truck frames, shipbuilding, and bridges the military, aerospace applications including helicopter rotor shell, tubes, pylons and towers, transportation, boiler making, motorboats and rivets [1]. 3.1.2 Grade 6061-T6 It has very good corrosion resistance and excellent weld ability although reduced strength in the weld zone. It has medium fatigue strength. It has good cold formability in temper T4, but limited in temper T6. Not suitable for very complex cross parts. T6- Solution heat treated and artificially aged Supplied forms- Extrusions Light weight very good corrosion resistance British/ ISO Standard AA 6061-T6 Tensile Yield Strength (MPa) 310 Shear Strength (MPa) 190 Proof Stress (MPa) 270 Elongation over 50mm (%) 12 Hardness Vickers (HV) 100 Density (kg/m ³) 2700 Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K) 166 Melting Point (  °C ) 650 Electrical Resistivity (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦.m) 0.040 x 10à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¶ Table 1- Property for Aluminium Alloy Grade 6061-T6 3.2 Stainless Steel 3.2.1 Introduction Stainless steel is also known as grades 304 and 304L respectively. Stainless steel 304 is the most versatile and widely used. Type 304 stainless steel are austenitic grades can be severely deep drawn. This property has led 304 became the dominant grade used in applications such as sink and cook. 3.2.2 Grade 304 Type 304 stainless steel is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn. This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like sinks and saucepans and has excellent corrosion resistance in many environments and when in contact with different corrosive media. Pitting and crevice corrosion can occur in environments containing chloride. Pressure corrosion cracking can occur above 60 °C. Good machinability Supplied forms- Strip bar Excellent corrosion resistance British/ ISO Standard BS 970 Grade 304 Tensile Yield Strength (MPa) 520 to 720 Compressive Strength (MPa) 210 Proof Stress (MPa) 210 Elongation over 50mm (%) 45 Modulus of elasticity (GPa) 193 Density (kg/m ³) 7780 Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K) 16.2 Melting Point (  °C ) 1450 Electrical Resistivity (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦.m) 0.072 x 10à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¶ Table 2- Property for Stainless steel Grade 304 3.3 Carbon steel 3.3.1 Introduction Steel is a metal alloy consisting mainly of iron and contains 0.2 to 2.1 percent carbon. All steel contains carbon, but the term carbon steel applies specifically to steel containing carbon as the main alloying constituents. Medium carbon steel is carbon steel that contains between 0.30 and 0.60 percent carbon. It also has a manganese content of between 0.6 and 1.65 percent. This type of steel provides a good balance between strength and ductility, and it is common in many kinds of steel parts [5]. 3.3.2 Grade 080M30 It can provide a better combination of toughness, strength and hardness. It also provides a counterbalance weight during for low-oscillation rotary process. Despite its relatively limited corrosion resistance, carbon steel is used in large tonnages in marine applications, fossil fuel power and nuclear power plants, transportation, chemical processing, petroleum production and refining, pipelines, mining, construction and metal-processing equipment[6]. Material cost economy Supplied forms- Strip bar Limited corrosion resistance British/ ISO Standard BS970 080M30 Tensile Yield Strength (Mpa) 550 Ultimate Tensile Strength (Mpa) 930 Elongation over 50mm (%) 16% Hardness (HB) 269 Density (kg/m3) 7820 Youngs Modulus (Gpa) 205 Thermal Conductivity (W/m-K) 46.6 Specific Heat Capacity (J/g- °C) 0.475 Electrical Resistivity (nà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦-m) 234 Table 3- Property for Medium Carbon Steel Grade 080M30 3.4 Final selection of material based on design and material specification British/ ISO Standard Aluminium Alloy AA 6061-T6 Stainless steel BS 970 Grade 304 Carbon steel BS970 080M30 Tensile Yield Strength (MPa) 310 520 to 720 550 Elongation over 50mm (%) 12 45 16 Density (kg/m3) 2700 7780 7820 Thermal Conductivity (W/m-K) 166 16.2 46.6 Electrical Resistivity (nà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦-m) 0.040 x 10à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¶ 0.072 x 10à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¶ 234 Price per tonne (USD) 2220 4450 740 Table 5- Comparison between three selected materials For this drive shaft, Aluminium Alloy is chosen. The reason material Aluminium Alloy is production by extrusion, has good mechanical properties and exhibits good weldability. Aluminium alloys are widely used in engineering components where light weight and very good corrosion resistance. A low torsion was needed for the design of drive shaft, the tensile yield strength of the Aluminium Alloy 310 MPa was enough for the requirement. The Aluminium Alloy cost USD2220 per tonne which was lower than Stainless Steel which cost USD4450 per tonne. Aluminium alloy surfaces will keep their apparent shine in a dry environment due to the formation of a clear, protective layer of aluminium oxide. In a wet environment, galvanic corrosion can occur when an aliminium alloy is placed in electrical contact with other metals with more negative corrosion potentials than aluminium[7]. Element % Present Carbon (C) 0.0 0.07 Chromium (Cr) 17.50 19.50 Manganese (Mn) 0.0 2.00 Silicon (Si) 0.0 1.00 Phosphorous (P) 0.0 0.05 Sulphur (S) 0.0 0.02 Nickel (Ni) 8.00 10.50 Iron (Fe) Balance Table 6- Chemical composition for Aluminium alloy

Findings Analysis Essay

I have found out my primary information about the idea of ‘slim-line kitchen electrical appliances ‘ by doing a quota sampling, which meant dividing the population into various age groups and backgrounds and carrying out questionnaires. In my results in source 14, which is my questionnaire, the first question shows the gender of the amount of people that help fill in the questionnaire. Out of 150 people that I questioned only 36.6% were males and females a greater percentage of 63.6(%). This shows that on average most of the people I questioned were females. Source 2 also supports this idea as it states that the majority of people living in England are females at 51%. Also the details in source 6 show the gender of people that purchase brown and white goods, the larger percentage goes towards the women at 54%. Also an evidence of this statement that there are more women than men in GB is illustrated in source 2, it shows that in 2003 there were more women than men- and that I think has increased during recent years because source 2 shows that women are at 51% of the population in UK, then source 6 shows women are at 54 and source 14 [the questionnaire] shows they are at 63 percent (you can see that in the chart below that shows these results), and I predict this is going to escalate far more in a years or so time; which means if S and S plc was to choose their target group then in my opinion women should be targeted not only for their percentage as a whole but as for the person that makes decisions about where the kitchen appliances go and what should be bought. The second question in the questionnaire asks for the age groups of the person that is filling in the questionnaire; the most widely held answer is the 45-54 age group. On a percentage out of 150 people 48% of the people come in that particular age group. Although my source 2 says that the majority of the people living in Great Britain are either between the age group of 35-44 or above 65, however my source is over 3 years old, which could make big difference as related to new market, but maybe the area that I was doing the questionnaire in; the majority of the people were between 45 and 54. The rest of the questionnaire still supports the idea of what S and S plc is trying to introduce. This means they have now got an idea of what the population’s wants and needs are. S and S plc need to confirm the target age group and then plan sale strategies. Question 4 asks the people what newspapers they read. Out of a variety of newspapers most of the people wrote their answer as ‘The Daily Telegraph’, 62% out of 150 people. This question is not completely pointless as it is a method of advertising for many companies including electrical stores such as Dixons, Comet and Currys. According to my source 12 quite a big percentage of the expenditure that a business is ready to pay for advertising belongs to the press area /newspapers. Out of 10 different electrical stores 76% of the money they spend on advertising is in the press column. Therefore it would be very beneficial for S and S plc to put their ads into the two top particular newspapers ‘Daily Telegraph’ being the top. Another quite high percentage of the advertising goes into the radio, which is also another method for S and S plc to attain more awareness. The next question asks the people how many people live in their household, majority of the people answered ‘4’ to the question. Out of 150 people 30% said ‘4’. Source 4 of my secondary data illustrates that 13.2% of the people out of 25,220 people have 4 persons living in their household and the majority of the people answered ‘2 persons’ out of the same audience 34.9% to be exact, however we know that my secondary information is about 2 years old which only shows me old data that is not accurate but as we know now the majority of the people have 4 persons in their household, because as times go on people make more decisions. This means that there are more people living in a single household now as opposed to 2 years ago, therefore white goods will be necessary for them in their daily life unlike single people living alone don’t need as much white goods because they won’t use it a lot. So if S and S plc were to get targets then goi ng for the more colonized houses because they will be a god idea and these will be their ideal customers. Question six asks the people what circumstances will aid them to consider buying slim white goods to replace them with the old. The choices included from ‘new models introduced’, ‘moving house’, ‘changing their kitchens’ and/or ‘when their old goods break down’. The majority of the people answered as when they move houses, 62.6% out of 150 people agreed to that. This gives S and S plc the opportunity to sell their products, if they know how many people are moving houses on average they can work out the amount of the kitchen electrical appliances that they need to produce, this will maintain the sale of the slim-line white goods as the results in source 5 show the statistics that, there are increasingly more people that either move or as a result separation move to another home alone. If S and S plc want to boost their sales they have to advertise it to the people that are moving houses [as white goods are very important in a househo ld, it is almost a necessity]. Source 3 also shows that the majority of the people in 1 household are 2 persons. And as more people move into the same house there is an even greater need of white goods, and as some houses are quite cramped slim-line white goods is the best option so that sort of people should be target to the S and S plc. Question seven enquires the people how long ago was the last time that they purchased/changed their white good. The majority of the people answered this question as last 5 years which sums up to be 48% out of the total of 150 people. This shows that the majority of people will not spend frequently on white goods as they are only replaced when they are damaged or too much out of date, this is simply because that the people are already used to the way that that particular white good works. Also another reason for people not to change their white goods purchased in last 5 years is that the white goods technology hasn’t changed much in the last 5 years so no reason to change their white goods, but as source 8 of my raw information shows that there is an increasing demand of new technology therefore sale for the slim-line white goods will produce profit to S and S plc as the â€Å"savvy consumers† is the prime driver of the market. The pie chart in the same source reveals th at the second highest percentage of consumers spending on electricals belongs to the household appliances this is a 23% of the expenditure. Question eight asks the people where they purchase their kitchen appliances; the applicants were given four choices out of which 3 were specialist retailers and one non-specialist. However you would expect a specialist such as Curry or Dixon’s to rule this sort of market, but the majority of the people’s answer was ‘other specialist retailer’ as these two retailers I mentioned are not experts and do not sell all brands that the people might be looking for. Some people have had good experiences with some brands that they wish to keep with. I predicted the majority of the shares should be owned by Dixon’s; this is also what my sources show namely source 11; it shows that the majority of the shares in the market belonged to these retailers in 2004. Source 9 of my raw information states that non-specialist such as ASDA and Tesco have a more constant product offering which is a step beyond WIGIG [when its gone its gone offer] that specialist retailers use as their sale strategies. These non-specialists sell varieties of brands and at a low cost too, thus increasing their sales. Source 9 also shows the statistics in the electrical retail market that this has caused. It has attracted customers from other markets such as PC and Audio-Visual markets because people would rather buy the same thing cheaper. This means that S and S plc should also increase and expand the variety of electrical goods the sell and do not necessarily have to be a specialist retailer for white/slim-line goods. This will increase their sales and give them a higher reputation in the electrical retail market. The ninth question in the questionnaire enquires if changes in the circumstances were to occur; [including those mentioned in question six], would they consider buying i.e. replacing them with slim-line versions of the goods. The majority of the people out of 150 answered â€Å"Yes†, this concluded to 86% the rest 14% answered â€Å"No†. People don’t find the urge to replace their existing electrical appliances as quick as any other item in the household, this is because these can be shared and it is only going to be a waste if you used it once and then dispose of it especially when it costs a lot. So as seen in question 6, most people will only replace their kitchen electrical goods when they move house. The idea of slim line appliances in kitchen is new so many people will not be too comfortable with using these, therefore sales for these will not increase soon after the promotion. According to the results I for this question it looks like quite a high percenta ge of people want to try it out and have a vision of what they will be when they buy them, because they know this will save space in their house no matter what the amount of people in the household. There are a number of reasons why people would want to purchase slim-line kitchen electrical goods. One that I think is different than any other is efficiency of the goods. If it saves the customers money, they will defiantly choose this item to last for a long time. Source 7 states ‘The largest amounts of customer spending go on housing/electricity/gas & other fuels’, so slim-line kitchen electrical goods were to decrease the money spent they would be able to buy more goods as they get more ‘disposable income’ SAY SOME STUFF ABOUT THE NEWSPAPER ARTICLE !!. What S and S plc needs to do is to advertise their product so that it illustrates that it is efficient and takes less space they need to take this measurement in the plotting of the sale strategy, this could be S and S plc’s unique selling point, something that distinguishes S and S plc from other retailers. In source 7 [i.e. fig.11] you can see the statistics as to how much people spend on the men tioned factors. From the graph above you can see that even though the expenditures are increasing slowly if not very swiftly. This you can see in the tale where in the %change column you can see that even though expenditures were increasing as a percentage in midyear intervals for many years, it is slowly levelling out/decreasing. Question 10 asks the people if they were given a choice to own a slim-line kitchen electrical good would the replace it with their existing ones. 59.3% of the people answered yes. As I said, for replacement of kitchen electrical goods slim-line kitchen electrical appliances are best suited as they as well as being efficient this will also be more modern and will take less space, so this offers the customers an opportunity to work more efficiently and in a better/ bigger space. HELP!!! Question eleven is entitled to find out what the motivation is that leads the sales of kitchen electrical appliances in the market. The question was ‘ What motivates you to buy a new kitchen electrical appliance?’ We provided them with four possible answers these included the price, its capacity, brand name or energy efficient. A high percentage of people were motivated by looking at the appliance’s capacity, which is vital because if it has to be shared it must be sufficiently big. This added up to 21.3% of the people out of 150 that help fill the questionnaire. The higher percentage [48%] of the people said they were motivated by the price, so if it was cheap and had a big capacity more customers would purchase the product. Not much of the credit went to the brand name, although I would have guessed this would be a bigger motivation to the people because when many people have had experience with one brand they stick to it and pass on their reviews, then again it isn’t very often that people buy kitchen electrical appliances and it’s models changes from year to year. This means that when S and S plc rules the JnK plc companies in Asia, they won’t have much difficulty with introducing new products into the market and sell as much as possible. However more credibility goes to energy efficiency, so some people are interested in saving money per annual rather than once, at the purchase time, this answer was chosen by 12% of the total. This question too links to source 7 as it shows that more people are decreasing the amount of money spent on electricity, gas, & water etc. It shows that less people are ready to pay a lot of money for these appliances. The last question finishes off the questionnaire with asking the people if slim-line kitchen electrical appliances were in the market would the people buy them. The majority of the people chose to buy their goods only if their circumstances were to change. This means that even though slim-line kitchen electrical goods are a big success they will only be purchased when they need to replace them because people don’t want to change their kitchen appliances too frequently, only when they move or if the old one is broken. 42.3% of people chose this for an answer. This means that people are not desperate to own one but they reckon it is a good idea to own one Well this questionnaire gave S and S plc a good guidance on what the market is like and if slim-line kitchen electrical appliances would sell in that market and to choose their target and unique selling point.

A Crime of Compassion Essay

This woman is not a murderer. Barbara Huttmann is a long time nurse who gave a man named Mac his wish to just die and not continue to suffer. Mac had terminal cancer, was on loads of pain medication that wasn’t working and at a hospital where the policy was to resuscitate any patient that stopped breathing. But he begged her to stop them from resuscitating him and so she did. What Huttmann did was not wrong. Mac had the right to die with dignity and not suffer any longer. The team would rush in after the code button is pushed, get the patient breathing again, and leave the nurse to clean the patient up. He would moan in pain and beg Huttmann to stop them every time. Huttmann begged and pleaded with the Doctor put a no code order on Mac but refused due his beliefs and hospital policies. â€Å"We resuscitated him fifty-two times in one month.† (Huttmann 344) Huttmann had been his nurse for six months  which was long enough for her to know Mac, a well-respected police officer and his wife Maura well. â€Å"It was also long enough to watch Maura’s transformation from a young woman to a haggard, beaten old lady.† (Huttmann 344) Maura has had enough too. Maura sat there for six months and watched her husband battle this horrible disease and then had to sit there and watch him suffer as the hospital team continued to save him numerous times. All of this is occurring regardless of what the family said. This is not what Mac and Maura wanted for him. Regardless of Mac and Maura’s wishes they continued to resuscitate him everytime. Until Huttmann finally decided to do as the patient wished. â€Å"Nothing I have done in my 47 years has taken so much effort as it took not to press that code button.† (Huttmann 345) She did it, Huttmann waited until she knew for certain Mac could not be resuscitated again, and then she pushed that button. Just then Maura walked in and begged â€Å"No†¦don’t let them do this to him†¦..for God’s sake†¦please no more.† (Huttmann 346) That is when Huttmann took Maura in her arms and comforted her the best she could. That is when some people decided that Huttmann was a murderer. Of course she was not a murderer. She was finally doing as Mac and his family wished would be done. Mac and Maura begged her enough to just let him go and be put out of the misery and pain he and his family were going through. Of course Huttmann has to listen to people say these things to her. She did what was right, she granted Mac’s one last wish and did not push that code button. Mac will no longer suffer  because Huttmann decided to stop worrying about the policies of the hospital and focus more on what the patient and his family wanted.

Respecting Students Is a Must for Teacher Effectiveness

Respecting Students Is a Must for Teacher Effectiveness Respecting students is essential for boosting teacher effectiveness. It seems today that the media jumps at every opportunity to showcase an educator who has made a poor decision in judgment. One of the most prevalent issues highlighted is that of a teacher continuously berating or disrespecting a student or group of students. This type of behavior is unacceptable. All educators expect their students to be respectful to them, but some fail to realize that this is a two-way street. All educators should show their students respect at all times including tense moments of conflict. Conduct a search on Google or YouTube for â€Å"teacher abuse† and the number of examples you will find of such unprofessional conduct is embarrassing to the profession. Educators should be adult enough, professional enough, and smart enough not to conduct themselves in this manner. In an age where every student has a cell phone, it only takes one time to find yourself on YouTube, embarrassed, and out of a job. Teachers must think before they react and choose their words carefully. How to Build Strong, Trusting Student-Teacher Relationships Sometimes we forget where many of these students come from and the situations that they deal with on a daily basis. School should be a safe haven and kids should trust all of their administrators, teachers, and staff members. Every kid is different and these differences should be embraced. If all kids were the same our jobs would be boring. It is important to realize that there are tremendous differences between each individual student and with each individual class. A 3rd grader cannot handle what a 6th grader can handle and so on. Try to have patience and understanding when dealing with a student. Before you say anything, take a deep breath, think about your response, and choose your words carefully. Your tone matters as much as what you say. We expect our students to be respectful to us and we should, in turn, be respectful to them at all times. This isn’t always easy, but you must always handle interactions with students in a positive manner. You should never berate or embarrass a student. It is best to address them separately from the class. The key is to talk to them, not down to them. Kids are going to make mistakes. It would be ignorant to think that they won’t. You are setting yourself and them up for failure if you do. There is a difference between having high expectations and having unrealistic expectations. Preconceived notions can and will destroy a relationship with a student. Everyone deserves a second chance. Allow someone this chance and you will find that they will surprise you more often than not. Educators should always strive to build positive, trusting relationships with their students. Some of these relationships take time to build and others are relatively easy. Respect is always the key. A teacher becomes so much more effective when they can earn a classes respect. Reasons Why Teachers Lose the Respect of Their Students There are several things that a teacher can do to lose their students’ respect. Doing any of these things can lead you on a path towards disaster. It is best to avoid the following practices: Never treat students differently based on personal interests.Do not create rules that can be perceived as unfair.Never misuse your authority.Do not ignore a student.Never avoid smiling and being friendly with your students.Do not yell or scream.Do not have a negative attitude on a consistent basis.Do not be afraid to apologize or admit when you make a mistake.Never become friends with students when they are in your class.Never give control over to your students.Do not be hypocritical.Do not say anything that you would not want to be recorded and played back.Do not humiliate or berate students in an attempt to get them to behave.Never use sarcasm.Do not use profanity.Do not violate a student’s personal space.Do not gossip, discuss, or complain about other teachers in front of your students.Never issue vindictive or counterproductive threats.Do not hold things against a student that is beyond their control. How Teacher Can Earn Their Students Respect There are several things that a teacher can do to earn their students’ respect. Doing these things will lead you on a path toward mutual respect and it will maximize a teacher’s overall effectiveness. It is best to engage in the following practices: Have a Positive Attitude: An educator who has a positive attitude toward their students and their job will be more effective. All of us have bad days, but we should still strive to remain positive even on our worst days.Be Consistent: Students must know what your expectations are on a daily basis. Be inconsistent will lose their respect and attention faster than just about anything.Be Fair: Treat every student the same when dealing with the same situation. Giving out a different set of consequences for the same actions will undermine your authority.Have a Sense of Humor: Having a sense of humor can be disarming. Students will naturally look forward to coming to your class and learning if they know that you aren’t uptight and rigid.Be Flexible: Teachers that aren’t flexible are setting themselves and their students up for failure. Things happen in life that is beyond anyone’s control. Be sensitive to every situation and be willing to adapt and veer from your sched uled plans when necessary.

Crimes with Computers essays

Crimes with Computers essays Technology experienced a break-through with the invention of computers. With this break-through came a new quest for knowledge and power. Society relies more and more on computers each day and people have found that a quest for knowledge or power on a computer could give them more than they bargained for. In the media, the term hacker is often defined as a criminal, armed with a computer, set out to commit malicious acts. The US Department of Defense estimated that their computer systems were attacked 250,000 by hackers in 1995 alone. Thats an attack every thirty seconds (Knittel and Soto 6). This would lead most people to believe that hackers were in fact malicious criminals. However, a hacker is simply a talented computer user with a vast knowledge of how computers work. Not all hackers commit malicious acts. But what acts committed by hackers are considered malicious? The legal definition of a computer crime is pending. Lawmakers and computer experts have characterized it variously as using a computer to steal money, services, or property, or to commit an invasion of privacy or an act of extortion or terrorism (Caplan 218). Early hacking was simple and not necessarily harmful. In the early 1970s, John Draper, a hacker later known as Captain Crunch, discovers that he can make free long distance phone calls by blowing an exact tone into the telephone with a toy whistle from a box of cereal. Draper was arrested several times during the 1970s for computer and phone related crimes. In the late 70s, two hackers from the Homebrew Computer Club develop devices called blue boxes which tap into the phone system. These two hackers, named Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, later went on to found Apple Computers (Triguax[Online]). But it would be in the following decades that hackers would discover just how far they could push the envelope. ...

Fund investment and management in venture capital market Research Proposal

Fund investment and management in venture capital market - Research Proposal Example The most critical aspect is the management of the venture capital because it determines the success of the market that are also influenced by the status of the markets. The research would incorporate the introduction, research findings, result analysis, discussion, conclusion and recommendations. The objectives of this research concerns the financial attributes that relate corporate to the market status and the competitors capabilities that influence the performances in the economies. This project intends to generate critical information on the financial investment and management of the capital. The research also seeks to produce insight on the financial information through the utilization of the previous works in finances. The provision of explicit relationships on the fund investments and management of capital is also key in the analysis of this topic. The research will incorporate several techniques to attain the most substantial information concerning the topic. There will be involvement of appropriate data collection techniques such as observations, interviews, focus groups, questionnaires and surveys. The research would embrace the most advantageous techniques to mitigate the errors that might deter accurate findings, critical analysis and resolute recommendations. There will be applications of primary and secondary data sources to avail adequate information throughout the research exercise. Surveys will involve the performance of a passive evaluation exercise on the marketing and developing trends of the business as manifested in different locations. Surveys can be applied when determining financial investments, capital provisions, customer requirements and specifications. There would be a decision on the persons to be surveyed and the most appropriate survey model. The survey would be tested before its availability for the actual research activity. Direct information involves a process of both

Free Market System and Arguments in its Favour Assignment

Free Market System and Arguments in its Favour - Assignment Example In the fee market system, prices are also set by supply and demand, and there is no government intervention. Resources are allocated based on demand of those resources and their supply. The term ‘free market’ refers to the freedom from governmental control and regulations. Market forces set regulation themselves through supply and demand. Arguments given in favour of free market system will be discussed in this section. It is important to understand the concept of supply and demand if we want to understand free market system of resource allocation. Supply refers to the quantity of product that can be supplied by firms. Demand refers to the quantity of product demanded by the consumers. The place where demand and supply curves intersect is called equilibrium price. In free market system resources are allocated through supply demand curves only with no intervention of government. Source: www.learngoldcoins.com Proponents of free market system argue that markets balance or correct themselves and there is no need for any government intervention. According to Adman Smith, an invisible hand balances supply and demand forces and maintains equilibrium (Smith, 1776, Book IV). Invisible hand refers to the ability of the market to balance itself without government intervention, and this is the essence of free market system of resource allocation. ... If a business is profitable other firms will enter into that business driving the profits down and therefore monopolies cannot exist in a free market system. This is one of the biggest advantages of a free market system of resource allocation. Absence of monopolies and cartels is the first argument given in favour of free market system. Efficiency is another advantage of free market system. When price setting is left to market forces, firms operate efficiently using all their resources to produce at lowest possible prices. Increased efficiency is the direct outcome of competition and free market system promotes competition. All firms are free to enter into any business they want and consumers also have a wide range of products and services to go to. There is no government help or intervention therefore firms have to work out a production system that maximizes output and lower costs. This is how free market system of resource allocation promotes efficiency. Another advantage of free m arket system is that consumers have access to a variety of products and services. Whenever there is a demand it is met with supply and this allows consumers to get a wide range of products and services. When production and investment decisions are made by market forces instead of government, resource allocation is done in such a way that benefits the whole society. People generally make economic decisions that are in their interests and therefore through free market system of resource allocation an equitable system is created which benefits the overall benefit of the society. It is argued that people, and not government, know what is in their best interests and therefore resources should be allocated through free market system. In free

Learning Disabilities of Gifted and Talented Children Research Paper

Learning Disabilities of Gifted and Talented Children - Research Paper Example In 1981, the Johns Hopkins University arranged a tutorial in which experts belonging to both the fields of the giftedness and learning disabilities were called together to consider this issue from various aspects (Brody and Mills, 1997). That was the time when the educationalists expressed interest in addressing the concerns of the gifted children as well as others with the learning disabilities, but the students with both the traits had not received sufficient recognition. The participants of the tutorial mutually consented upon the existence of the students with both the traits and also the fact that they are overlooked because of the conventional trend of assessing the students either for learning disabilities or for giftedness. The dual exceptionality has been defined as â€Å"emerging within the context of moral concern for the civil right of all children to have an appropriate public school education that will help them fully develop their potential for life satisfaction and c ontribution to society†. Children who are gifted and also have the learning disability can be characterized into three main subgroups. The first kind is of those students who are known for their giftedness but they experience difficulties in the school. These children are perceived to be underachievers. Their underachievement is attributed to their lack of motivation, the subjectivity of self-perception and laziness. For a major part of their educational tenure, their learning disabilities remain unidentified.  ... For a major part of their educational tenure, their learning disabilities remain unidentified. As the level of difficulty of the studies increases, things become so difficult for these students that they fall considerably behind their class fellows and thus, they become prominent as students with learning disabilities. The second kind of these students is that in which the students’ learning disabilities are known but their giftedness is unrealized. So this kind is the opposite of the first kind. The population of this kind of students with dual exceptionality is larger than that of the first kind. Baum (1985 cited in Brody and Mills, 1997) conducted a research and found this kind of students to be 33 per cent of the total number of students with learning disabilities. The intellectual abilities of these students are underestimated because of their poor performance in the IQ tests or inadequate assessment of the teachers. These students are not fortunate enough to be referred for the gifted services because their giftedness is never realized. The third kind of students with dual exceptionality is the largest in population. These are the students whose abilities and disabilities cover each other. The students of this kind are educated in the general classrooms and are deemed unsuitable for the services prescribed to the students with learning disabilities or giftedness. These students are thought to possess average abilities. Despite the fact that the magnitude of performance of these students is considerably lower than it can potentially be, they perform good enough to pass and are hence promoted. However, as the level of difficulty of the education increases, these students start to

Heart disease Essay Example for Free

Heart disease Essay Before you start the rehabilitation programme you will have an initial assessment to find out how much exercise you can safely do. A physiotherapist or an exercise physiologist can then carefully work out a programme of exercises for you, tailoring the programme to your individual needs. At the beginning of each session you will do warm-up exercises which involve stretching your muscles. All the exercises will be carefully explained to you. The exercises will be aerobic (exercises that help to improve your heart and circulation). You will be encouraged to increase your exercise gradually over the weeks of the rehabilitation programme. It is very important that you work within your limits and follow the advice given to you. At the end of each exercise session you will do cool-down exercises to stretch out your muscles and prevent them from aching the next day. It is normal to feel anxious about exercise after a heart attack. However, attending rehabilitation classes can help give you the confidence to become active again. Relaxation You will be able to practice different relaxation techniques and find one that suits you. You will also find out how important relaxation is for people who have had a heart problem. If possible, encourage your partner or a family member or friend to go along with you. This will help lessen their fears as well and give them the chance to ask any questions. This may involve structured but informal sessions within your group. You may cover one or more topics in each session and will have the opportunity to ask any questions. Going back to work. People who have had an uncomplicated heart attack will usually be able to return to work. You can talk to a member of the cardiac rehabilitation team about the type of work you do. They will help to assess how easily you might take up your job again and when you should return to work. Attending cardiac rehabilitation classes gives you the opportunity to ask questions and talk about any worries you may still have.

Freedom Bound :: essays research papers

In his book, Freedom Bound, Robert Weisbrot argues that the civil rights movement is interwoven with American political reform of the time, and furthermore, that "the black quest for justice and the national crusade for a 'Great Society' are best understood in relation to each other" (Weisbrot xiv). He traces the Great Society from its beginnings as Lyndon Johnson's liberal social reform program, through the Reagan years, claiming it was not entirely successful in breaking down racial barriers between blacks and conservative whites. He believes the Great Society was "an insidious enemy of black America," and that the federal government ultimately failed to deliever Johnson's original vision for civil rights advancement and reform (245). In the end, he claims, thegovernment was not committed enough to the principles of the Great Society and thus, it unraveled. In addition to detailing the Great Society, Weisbrot also chronicles within his book, struggle for racial equality in America, from the first sit-in at a Greensboro, North Carolina Woolworth'to the freedom rides to the 1963 March on Washington. He incorporates all the pivotal and influencial civil rights organizations of the time, inlcuding the NAACP, CORE, SNCC and SCLC, and details their actions in moving toward racial equality. He also enlists personal accounts from those involved with the movement, incluing highly-regarded leaders and student protesters, to add a more intimate perspective to the movement. Through this, he successfully demonstrates that the civil rights movement was not simply an event in our nation's history, but rather, a movement comprised of many different people with many different backgrounds, all working toward a common goal of equality and freedom. Freedom Bound :: essays research papers In his book, Freedom Bound, Robert Weisbrot argues that the civil rights movement is interwoven with American political reform of the time, and furthermore, that "the black quest for justice and the national crusade for a 'Great Society' are best understood in relation to each other" (Weisbrot xiv). He traces the Great Society from its beginnings as Lyndon Johnson's liberal social reform program, through the Reagan years, claiming it was not entirely successful in breaking down racial barriers between blacks and conservative whites. He believes the Great Society was "an insidious enemy of black America," and that the federal government ultimately failed to deliever Johnson's original vision for civil rights advancement and reform (245). In the end, he claims, thegovernment was not committed enough to the principles of the Great Society and thus, it unraveled. In addition to detailing the Great Society, Weisbrot also chronicles within his book, struggle for racial equality in America, from the first sit-in at a Greensboro, North Carolina Woolworth'to the freedom rides to the 1963 March on Washington. He incorporates all the pivotal and influencial civil rights organizations of the time, inlcuding the NAACP, CORE, SNCC and SCLC, and details their actions in moving toward racial equality. He also enlists personal accounts from those involved with the movement, incluing highly-regarded leaders and student protesters, to add a more intimate perspective to the movement. Through this, he successfully demonstrates that the civil rights movement was not simply an event in our nation's history, but rather, a movement comprised of many different people with many different backgrounds, all working toward a common goal of equality and freedom.

Change and Organizations Essay

Change in organizations is an ongoing process. Change can either be planned or an unexpected result of a decision or other event (Grossman & Valiga, 2009). The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss a change that has been implemented within the organization. Identity of the Instituted Change The changes necessitated by healthcare reform and consequences of the economy are challenging hospital administrators to decide how they will thrive and respond. A change instituted by the Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) at the hospital where I am employed is the discontinuation of special pay practices. The special pay practices involved are compensation for 40 hours per week when actual worked hours are 36 and compensation for at least a 4 hour minimum. This change has a positive financial impact which allows for growth of the organization. However, if not managed effectively, this change could have a negative effect on staff morale. Decisions by Leader Before implementing the discontinuation of special pay practices, the CNO communicated the goal to the directors and managers of the organization. A plan for roll out to the organization was developed. By building upon and partnering with leaders of the organization, successful shaping of the future can occur (Grossman & Valiga, 2009). While this change created turmoil within the organization, the leaders were armed with the necessary information to positively respond to employees. The CNO clearly defined the vision for the future of the organization. Pointing out with the disappearance of special pay practices, the decision was made to increase certification pay and tuition reimbursement. This change gives way to empowerment of self and aids in achieving personal and professional goals. According to Grossman and Valiga (2009), the leader can help staff rise to their highest level of competency. Connection to the Organization Interconnected pieces of the organization that can be effected by the CNO’s decisions are structural, political, human resource, and organizational culture (Grossman & Valiga, 2009). The structural piece is connected by effecting nursing departments throughout the organization. While those departments with 8 hour shifts are minimally effected, those with 12 hour shifts are significantly impacted. The political piece has ramifications of a positive nature for the organization. Funds that are saved from the special pay practices change can be utilized to augment other programs for growth. The human resource piece has a significant impact by the decision to delete the special pay practices. Employees are affected by a decrease in pay resulting in employee dissatisfaction if the change is not accepted or understood. Organizational culture is affected by removing special pay practices as an option, going forward; the culture will focus on certification pay and tuition reimbursement. The new way or new leadership will adjust to form relationships and connect others to challenge old, bureaucratic organizational structures and old ways of doing things (Grossman & Valiga, 2009). Summary The discontinuation of special pay practices is a change that has been implemented within the organization. Leaders of the organization were given the necessary information to respond to employees as a result of the change. Decisions made effect the structural, political, human resource, and culture of an organization. Reference Grossman, S.C., & Valiga, T.M., (2009). The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA

Organizational Culture Analysis Essay

Each organization has a different culture. The culture can help shape how an organization functions and has the potential to set it apart from the competition. There are three levels to culture: observable artifacts, espoused values, and enacted values (Baack, 2012). Each level plays a different part within an organization. State Farm Insurance is the larges mutual property and casualty insurance carrier in the United States. The company was founded over 90 years ago and has had plenty of time to develop their layers of culture. Observable artifacts are the outward viewable signs of an organization. Observable artifacts are viewed not only by the employees of the company but also by outsiders. State Farm has a various artifacts. The company has a recognizable logo and slogan, â€Å"Like a good neighbor, State Farm is there†. These have artifacts are recognizable in most households. On an internal level, yearly there are ceremonies that the company conducts to reinforce the feeling of family. Yearly the company holds Christmas in the Atrium where Santa comes for all of the employees and their families to visit. Annual Easter parties and Founder’s Day celebrations also encourage the neighborly atmosphere, keeping in line with the slogan. According to Baack (2012), espoused values are aspirational opposed to the actual outcome. The values set forth by the company are to act as a guide but are not always achievable. State Farm includes its values within the mission statement, â€Å"†¦quality service and relationships, mutual trust, integrity and financial strength† (State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, 2013). The most recent value set by the company is to be remarkable. Employees not only need to strive to give remarkable service to the agents and the policyholders but also be remarkable in the interactions with fellow employees. The idea of providing remarkable service guides how employees are to work everyday. It defines the product being sold and the interaction with policyholders. The last layer of culture is enacted values. These values are the actual behaviors exhibited by the employees. Rick Darby of Safety Culture (2012) stated, â€Å"the enacted values of an organization†¦may be at a considerable distance from those proclaimed in official statements and public relations material†. In the case of State Farm and being â€Å"remarkable†, employees are having a hard time providing the remarkable service. Slow systems, being short handed, and a disconnect between operation employees and agents, contribute to less than remarkable service. These enacted values differ from what the company would like but not much has been done to rectify the situation. Darby (2012) believed if a great gap was found between enacted values of the employees and the espoused values of upper management, there could be confusion and dissatisfaction. The dissatisfaction found in employees can start to alter the observable artifacts of the company. The recognition of State Farm for being an admired company will stop being awarded if management does not address the enacted value of its employees. The three levels of culture contribute to how an organization is presented to the public. Observable artifacts, espoused values, and enacted values all supply a foundation for the organization’s culture. The culture of the organization is part of what defines their success and growth. State Farm is known as the good neighbor company but needs to address the enacted values of the employees in order to provide the remarkable experience it is striving for. References Baack, D. (2012). Organizational Behavior. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Darby, R. (2012, April). Pyramid Building. Safety Culture , pp. 52-55. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company. (2013). State Farm. Retrieved February 25, 2013, from State Farm web site: www.statefarm.com

The Awakening by Kate Chopin essays

The Awakening by Kate Chopin essays The Victorian woman was the old maid, fallen woman, and the angel in the house (Claire Kahane, 5), all rolled into one. This same Victorian woman captured the complicated effects of the eras attempt to control the representation of womens nature (5). In the 1880s, this angel in the house (5), this ideal woman, was challenged by what was called the Novissima, The New Woman who rejected marriage and motherhood and contested the boundaries of those separate entities. Edna Pontelleir in Kate Chopins novel, The Awakening, is a woman that is way ahead of her time. She is a woman living through the Victorian Era, although without the many pretenses that most women at the time did. Not only did she not fit into the Creole role that her husband had set up for her, she was having a difficult time squeezing into the gendered role that he had established for her as well. Edna gradually "awakens" to the realization that she is a person and not the possession of her husband. She also realizes she is in an oppressive society and that she is no longer one of the mindless members of the majority, but an individual who's passion conflicts the responsibility that society feels she should be dedicated to. Edna is thrown into the Creole society after her marriage to her Creole husband. This society abounds with "mother-women," who idolize their children and worship their husbands. At this time, this ideal woman was the norm, and Edna knew she was different than this. Her friend, Madame Ratignolle was the perfect image of the ideal woman. She was pious, submissive, nurturing, and simply the image of domesticated perfection. Edna admires her friend, but cannot understand why anyone would want to see their husband or coo over their children so much. Edna and Madame Ratignolle are Chopins representations of the Old and &...

Gaining a Competitive Edge

Gaining a Competitive Edge Abstract Business organisations operate in a highly competitive environment. Therefore, it is critical for business organisations to adopt strategies that improve their competitiveness. Companies strive to meet the needs of its stakeholders to remain competitive. Employee empowerment is one of the strategies that companies use to improve their competitiveness.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gaining a Competitive Edge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Employee empowerment increases employee motivation, which ultimately increases the productivity of the employees. Companies use various pricing strategies to ensure customers appreciate their products. Companies should not adopt strategies haphazardly. Successful strategies should take into consideration the unique needs and operating environment of the business organisation. Gaining a Competitive Edge Businesses exist for the sole purpose of satisfying the needs of thei r customers. Price and quality of a company’s products are the major factors that determine their competitiveness. Therefore, it is vital for businesses to harness the skills and abilities of its employees to ensure that they provide high quality services. In addition, companies should price their products favourably. There is a close relation between employee productivity and motivation. Highly motivated employees are more likely to have high productivity. Therefore, companies give special emphasis to the motivation of their employees. Organisations may use several means to motivate their employees. Employee empowerment is one the most common strategies that companies employ to motivate their employees. In addition, companies use various pricing strategies to improve their competitiveness. An efficient pricing strategy should not necessarily imply that organisations should offer low prices for their products. In some instances, offering low prices may reduce the competitiven ess of an organisation. Several successful companies use employee productivity and efficient pricing strategy to gain a competitive edge over their rivals. Business decisions form the foundation of various strategies that companies use to improve their efficiency. The decisions ultimately influence the competitiveness and profitability of the company. Therefore, it is critical for an organisation to have proper decision-making mechanisms. Progressive business leaders use employee empowerment, which incorporates subordinates of the organisation in decision-making. Empowerment increases the autonomy and discretion of employees in decision-making, and use of company resources that facilitate implementation of the decisions.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sharing decision-making responsibilities within all levels of an organisation increases employees’ sense of ownership. In addition, empowerment increases the responsibility that employees have towards the outcome of company activities (Gitman McDaniel, 2008). Empowerment is a constituent of positive management, which is an optimistic psychological and leadership principle (Walters, 2010). Google’s market dominance is partially due to the company’s employee empowerment strategy. The company removed managerial hierarchies, which increased the freedom of its employees. Freedom increases the innovativeness of employees, which is critical competitive factor in the software development industry. Innovativeness increases Google’s competitiveness. Empowerment enables Google employees to take part in decision-making processes. In addition, removal of management hierarchies facilitated a faster decision making process. Companies launch new products from time to time. It is critical for a company to have an efficient pricing strategy to ensure that customers appreciate the pro ducts. This would facilitate market dominance of the product. There are four stages in the product life cycle. These include introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Introduction is one of the most important stages in the product life cycle. Penetration pricing is one of the most common pricing strategies that companies employ in launching new products. Penetration pricing is a strategy where companies launch products with an initial entry price that is lower than the prevailing price of rival products. Low price of products provides the necessary incentive for customers to switch to the new products. Market penetration strategy reduces the short-term revenue and profitability of a company. However, in the long term, the companies reap huge financial rewards as they seize a huge market share (Havaldar, 2005). The huge financial rewards during the maturity stage of the product life cycle warrant the low price of the product during the introduction phase of the product life cycle (Kotler et al, 2010). Samsung uses penetration pricing to ensure gradual acceptance of the company’s products by customers. Efficient use of penetration pricing is one of the main factors that makes Samsung be the largest manufacturer of flat screen televisions. In addition, penetration marketing has facilitated the success of the Galaxy smartphone. On the other hand, Apple, Samsung’s main rival in manufacture of smartphones, does not use penetration pricing. Apple targets the acceptance of its products in key markets (Kapferer, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gaining a Competitive Edge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Companies use various strategies to gain a competitive edge over their rivals. Companies ensure that their employees are highly productive and consumers appreciate their products. Employee empowerment is one of the strategies that companies adopt to increase employee productivity. On the other hand, companies use penetrative pricing to ensure customers appreciate the company’s products. However, use these strategies does not guarantee the eventual success of the company. Companies should consider their unique needs and operating environment before adopting the strategies. References Gitman, L.J. McDaniel, C. (2008). The future of business: The essentials. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. Havaldar, K.K. (2005). Industrial marketing: Text and cases. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Kapferer, J. (2012). The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Kotler, P., Lee, N., Farris, P.W., Bendle, N.T., Pfeifer, P.E., Reibstein, D.J., †¦ Reece, M. (2010). Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press Delivers. Walters, J. H. (2010). Positive management: Increasing employee productivity. New York: Business Expert Press.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More